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This paper describes the wear mechanism and tool life when machining Hastelloy C-22HS with coated carbide. The experiment was conducted using four different cutting tool materials under wet condition – namely, Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) coated with TiAlN; TiN/TiCN/TiN; Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) coated with TiN/TiCN/Al 2 O 3 ; and TiN/TiCN/TiN – to study the tool behavior,...
The accumulation of deposits in the honing grooves of the cylinder liner surfaces of internal combustion engines is undesirable as they seal the grooves (reducing their oil retention capability) and increase engine's oil consumption. As part of a long-term programme of truck engine development, after different running times and under similar conditions of load, engine speed and lubrication, a number...
A right selection of filler, its type, shape, size, amount and its compatibility with other co-fillers decide the performance of a friction material (FM) at selected operating condition. Amongst various types of metallic fillers, copper is one of the most important fillers used in such multi-ingredient composite system. It not only enhances the thermal conductivity of composite but also plays an important...
The aim of this work was to study the impact wear resistance of untreated and induction hardened compacted graphite iron (CGI). Testing was carried out on a bespoke impact wear test rig to look at the effect of the material properties, before and after hardening, on the level of wear. Three different types of specimen were tested; untreated CGI, CGI induction hardened to a nominal depth of 2mm and...
Analyses of rough surface contact sometimes study the two-dimensional problem to avoid some of the difficulties of three-dimensional contacts, or to reduce the size of the calculations in numerical work. But two-dimensional elastic contacts introduce their own difficulties. The mean real contact pressures will be much lower than in three dimensions, and will depend strongly on the thickness of the...
The experiment described in this paper used vacuum induction melting (VIM) to coat Ni alloyNi alloy onto AISI 4140 steel. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to identify the different phases of VIM Ni alloyNi alloys. Then, a ball-on-disc system and different dry sliding wear conditions...
In this study two white cast irons with different chromium contents 13.81% and 24.41% were solidified unidirectionally. Their microstructures are composed of oriented M 7 C 3 carbides and eutectic matrices. The specimens were cut parallel and transversally to the billet axe and pin-abrasion tests were carried out using fixed alumina abrasive grains. The microhardness, elastic modulus...
A series of cavitation erosion tests were carried out to investigate the resistance of the TiN coatings against cavitation action. The TiN coatings were deposited at various deposition parameters on austenitic stainless steel, X6CrNiTi18-10, with various coating thicknesses by means of the cathodic arc evaporation method (CAVD). Investigations were performed in a cavitation tunnel with a slot cavitator...
Friction coefficients and specific wear rates of an existed Ni 3 Al-based NAC-alloy with composition of Ni–18.8Al–10.7Fe–0.5Mn–0.5Ti–0.2B (at.%) and its composites reinforced by 6vol.% Cr 3 C 2 - and 6vol.% MnS-particles, respectively were investigated for the initial understanding of sliding wear behaviors of the materials under unlubricated condition. The testing materials...
A torsional wear and friction simulator with a ball on flat polymer was developed to analyze the tribological behavior of hip joints. Wear tests of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) against GCr15 (AISI 52100) steel and PMMA molecules (both with diameters of 40mm) were conducted. Based on the analysis of frictional kinetics behaviors, and observations of three-dimensional (3D) profiles and SEM morphologies,...
The ‘dynarat’ computer model is used to simulate accumulation of plastic shear strain (ratcheting) in rails and to predict wear and crack initiation. Recent developments have focussed on models of microstructure and strain hardening characteristics, based on twin-disc tests with British normal grade (Grade 220) rail steel. In Europe, and increasingly in Britain, the harder Grade 260 rail steel is...
Discharge traces are a kind of ‘fingerprint’ left by spark discharge and its analysis makes it possible to identify many discharge features and forecasting technological indices of the EDM process. The paper deals with a new method of investigating traces made by individual discharge using scanning profilometer (SP) and scanning electron microscope. Surface microstructure is assessed using the SEM...
Metal matrix composites (MMC) containing graphite particulates usually have reduced friction under dry sliding, which is closely dependent on the formation of continuous transfer layer on the sliding surface of counterpart. The transfer process, understandably, may be affected by the actual variance of texture on counterpart surface. Thus the transfer behaviour of Cu–graphite composite onto steel...
In order to get insight into the characteristics of chipping behaviors and material removal mechanism during grinding, both single and double scratch tests for optical glass BK7 were performed on a nanoindenter. Utilizing optical microscope, optical profiling system and displacement transducers, the scratch morphology, material removal volume and scratch depth were analyzed with applied normal load...
Ashless antiwear additives have begun to find applications in automotive and heavy industry applications as sludge formation is reduced leading to improved efficiency. In this study, six different ashless antiwear agents, including an ashless neutral dialkyl dithiophosphate (DDP-1), an acidic dialkyl dithiophosphate (DDP-2), an alkylated triphenyl phosphorothionate (A-TPPT), a butylated triphenyl...
Solid particle erosion of a composite material of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) matrix and unidirectional (AS4) carbon fiber was investigated experimentally. Erosion tests were conducted with 10μm Arizona road dust and 100μm sieved runway sand particles in especially designed erosion tunnel at temperature up to 260°C (500°F) and impact velocities up to 152.4m/s (500ft/s). Experimental results are presented...
The topographies of cold rolled, alkaline etched and electrograined specimens of AA1050 alloy have been examined by scanning electron microscopy, and ultra-low-noise inteferometry with data analysis by TalyMap software. The objectives of this work were to trace the topographical history contributing to the roughness parameters of fully convoluted, electrograined surfaces, to investigate the differences...
A Reynolds equation that considers both the smoothing hydrodynamic pressure and the pattern of surface topography at the polishing pads was used to solve the distribution of the hydrodynamic field. A three-body abrasion wear model for solving the removed thickness of silicon oxide films was also introduced to obtain the removal rate of SiO 2 film in a chemical–mechanical polishing (CMP) process...
High temperature abrasive wear performance of X32CrMoV33 hot work tool steel with and without an Al 0.61 Cr 0.39 N coating was investigated under three body abrasion conditions. The Al 0.61 Cr 0.39 N coating has a remarkable impact on the wear resistance of the X32CrMoV33 hot work tool steel. Extensive oxidation co-occurring with abrasive wear at 750°C leads to substantial...
This paper illustrates the distinctive capabilities of using focused ion beam (FIB) techniques to elucidate the microstructure that forms beneath the worn regions of samples subjected to laboratory tests under ultra-mild wear (UMW) conditions and those extracted from specific regions of a worn surface of engine blocks. TEM investigations of cross-sectional samples excised with a focused gallium-ion...
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